As the knowledge base of sport continues to expand and mature through both experience and the application of contemporary sports science, so the expectation of athletes continues to grow. This situation can be clearly argued to support the adoption of a long-term athlete development approach whereby realistic and attainable goals are set over a long period in the order of years in line with the athlete's physical and mental ability to develop and adapt. The upshot of this and, in particular the impact on the coach to the athlete, is that he/she might want to ensure that they adopt an approach based on long-term coach development. In this modern climate of continuous development of the knowledge base it is entirely likely that a coach who disregards the long-term coach development principle may never see their athlete achieve their true potential. Worse still (for the coach), in an environment where athletes are becoming increasingly knowledgeable about their own events, the athlete may vote with their feet and look for a coach who can continue to move them forward toward their dreams and beyond. Coaches, who can remain open-minded, are prepared to embrace new ideas and who regularly allocate time to keep up with fact-based findings and developments are more likely to enjoy the long-term continuous development of their athletes and share in their successes. This regular feature sets out to provide a valuable resource to every coach by providing a brief review of some of the findings currently being made around the world by sports scientists and medical professionals and which are generally supported by published scientific studies.

All humans eat to survive. They also eat to express appreciation, for a sense of belonging, as part of family customs, and for self-realization. For example, someone 1 who is not hungry may eat a piece of cake that has been baked in his or her honour. People eat according to learned behaviours regarding etiquette, meal and snack patterns, acceptable foods, food combinations, and portion sizes. Etiquette refers to acceptable behaviours. For example, for some groups it is acceptable to lick one's fingers while eating, while for other groups this is rude behaviour. Etiquette and eating rituals also vary depending on whether the meal is formal, informal, or special (such as a 1 meal on a birthday or religious holiday). A meal is usually defined as the consumption of two or more foods in a structured setting at a set time. Snacks consist of a small amount of food or beverage eaten between meals. A common eating pattern is three meals (breakfast, lunch, and dinner) per day, with snacks between meals. The components of a meal vary across cultures, but generally include grains, such as rice or noodles; meat or a meat substitute, such as fish, beans, or tofu; and accompaniments, such as vegetables. Various food guides provide suggestions on foods to eat, portion sizes, and daily intake. However, personal preferences, habits, family customs, and social setting largely determine what a 1 person consumes.

The aim of the study was to find out the agility among Sports and Non Sports Person. The subjects of the study were twenty Sports Person and twenty Non Sports Person with in age of 20 to 25 years. All persons are from Jat Colleges of M.D.U, (Rohtak). The data was randomly collected. To measure the agility the Shuttle Run was used. The 't' test was in use to compare agility between Sports and Non Sports Person. The 'p' value was in use to find significant different between Sports and Non Sports Person. The level of significance value was in use is 0.05. Result: For analysis and interpretation of the collected data, there was significant difference in agility between handball and basketball players. Sports person are having good agility compare to Non Sports person because the Sports person are involved more in running and agility type of Movements in game.

The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of Swiss ball and plyometric training programme on selected physical variable and skill performance of inter collegiate men volleyball players, to achieve that 45 subjects aged from 19 to 28 years from affiliated college of Bharathiar University Coimbatore, Tamilnadu were selected, subjects (N = 45) were divided into three equal groups. Namely, Group - I underwent Swiss ball training group (SBTG), Group - II underwent plyometric training group (PTG), and Group - III acted as control group (CG) was not given any specific training. Each group consists of 15 subjects. They were assessed before and after six weeks in both groups. The analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA) was used to determine any significant difference was present among the three groups of the dependent variables. The study revealed that the selected dependent variables such as speed, flexibility, explosive power, muscular strength and endurance, serving Ability and passing ability have significant improvement due to the Swiss ball and plyometric training programme on selected physical fitness variables and skill performance of inter collegiate men volleyball players.

Handball (also known as team handball, Olympic handball, European handball, or Borden ball) is a team sport in which two teams of seven players each (six outfield players and a goalkeeper) pass a ball to throw it into the goal of the other team. A standard match consists of two periods of 30 minutes, and the team with the most goals scored wins.

The purpose of this study was to find out the effects of multiple set resistance training on strength, power and endurance of college sportsmen. To achieve the purpose of the study, thirty college sportsmen were randomly selected from Bharathiar University Coimbatore. Their age range from 18 to 25 years. They were divided into two equals Groups .The Group I was considered as Experimental Group and Group II were considered as Control group. The investigator did not made any attempt to equate the group. The control group was not given any treatment and the experimental group was given circuit training three days per week. The selected criterion variables such as arm strength was measured by 1 RM bench press, leg explosive power was measured by Sergeant vertical jump and cardio respiratory endurance was measured by step test. The data collected from the subject on multiple set resistance training on selected variables is statistically analyzed by using't' ratio. It was concluded six week multiple set resistance training improved arm strength, leg explosive power and cardio respiratory endurance from base line to post test.

Background: Body Mass Index is perhaps the most common anthropometric measure used to predict relative overweight. However, the value of the measurement in children and adolescents is regularly questioned. The natural course of growth and maturation in children, plus the individual variability during the same period mean that indices of weight-for-height, including the Body Mass Index (W/H2) are not very good indices of adiposity. In children younger than 15 years of age, BMI is not totally independent of height and thus should be used with caution. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of vegetarian and non-vegetarian diet on body mass index of various socio-economic categories Sportsman. Methods: 229 Sportsman of Madhya Pradesh were serving as subjects for this study. The ages of the subjects ranged from 18-24 years. They were divided into 3 groups on the basis of Socio-Economics status (i.e., high, medium and low) and two groups on the basis of food habits i.e. vegetarian & non-vegetarian. The study was delimited to the subjects of sportsman who has represented State level in Hockey, Cricket, Football and Basketball. The variable for the study were body mass index. Descriptive statistics and Two Way Analysis of Variance was used to find out the interpretation between group difference on the various Socio-Economic Categories and food habits (Vegetarians & Non-Vegetarians) for body mass index. Result:- The result of the present research study showed a significant difference in body mass index between Socio-economic categories and High Socio-economic category showed greater body mass index than Medium and Low Socio-economic categories. The result also indicates that there is No significant difference was found in body mass index between Vegetarian & Non-Vegetarian sportsman and interaction group i.e. (Socioeconomic categories* Vegetarian / Non-Vegetarian sportsman). Conclusion: The study concludes that high Socio-economic categories shows higher body mass index

The game tennis volleyball has been started by Dr. Venkatesh Wangawad in 1985. The regular matches of championship of this game was started in 1999.The skills of the game Was used the volleyball skills, like service, understand pass, hit by two hand, hit by one hand.

This study aims to investigate the task and ego orientation of prospective sports managers and trainers applying to the special skills examination of the school of physical education and sports in terms of their physical self-conception levels and to examine this in terms of gender and sportive rate. The study was attended by a total of 359 volunteers, 268 of which was male and 91 female. Physical self-conception levels of the candidates were measured by “The Physical Self Description Questionnaire” (PSDQ) and their goal orientations were measured by "Task and Ego Orientation in Sports Questionnaire” (TEOSQ). In data analysis, descriptive statistics, pearson correlation, T-test, One-way Anova and LSD tests were used. Findings obtained have indicated that task orientation averages of candidates was higher than their ego orientation averages under the sub-dimension of goal orientation. Statistically significant difference by gender was observed in both sub-dimensions of goal orientation (p<0.05). While the sub-dimension of appearance in physical self-conception was higher in women (p<0.05), the sub-dimension of endurance was higher in men (p<0.05). While no difference was observed in TEOSQ for licensed athletes as compared to those that are not doing sports, it was observed that PSDQ was higher (p<0.05) and there was differences in PSDQ in terms of sportive experience (coordination, physical activity, sports competence, endurance). A significant correlation was observed between TEOSQ and PSDQ (p<0.05). In conclusion, findings showed that licensed athletes had a higher physical self-concept than those who do not do sports, that women's goal (task and ego) orientation levels were higher than those of men and that the increase in the goal orientation of people also caused a positive increase in their physical self-concept and the physical self-concept which was in favor of men in terms of gender difference changed in favor of women.